Obstetrics & Gynaecology

About Bartholin’s Cyst :

The Bartholin glands are two small organs under the skin in a woman’s genital area. Ia a Bartholin duct gets blocked, fluid builds up in the gland and is called Bartholin’s Cyst

Causes :

1. Infections
2. Thick Mucus

Symptoms :

1. Painful / Painless lump in the vulval area.
2. Redness / Discomfort
3. Fever if infected

Diagnosis :

1. Clinical Diagnosis

Treatments :

1. Marsupilisation
2. Antibiotics

About Endometriosis :

Endometriosis is a painful disorder in which tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus — The Endometrium — grows outside your uterus.

Common Sites :

1. Ovaries
2. Fallopian Tubes
3. Tissue lining your pelvis.

Symptoms :

1. Painful periods (Dysmenorrhea) – starts prior to onset of menstruation
2. Pain with Intercourse
3. Pain with bowel movements or urination
4. Excessive Bleeding
5. Infertility

Diagnosis :

1. Ultrasound / MRI
2. Laparoscopy

Treatments :

1. Anti Inflammatory
2. Hormonal Treatment – Drugs / LNG-IUS
3. Conservative Surgery
4. Assisted Reproductive Technology
5. Hysterectomy

About prolapse :

When the uterus slips from the normal position into the vagina it is called prolapse.

Symptoms :

1. Mass descending per vaginum
2. Discharge
3. Recurrent urinary tract infection.

Risk Factors :

1. Multiparity – Normal Delivery
2. Obesity
3. Chronic Constipation
4. Chronic Cough
5. Lifting Heavy Weight

Diagnosis :

1. Clinical

Treatments :

1. Life style modification weight loss, avoid lifting weight
2. Kegel’s Exercises
3. Pessary
4. Hysterectomy

About Adenomyosis :

Adenomyosis is a condition that involves the encroachment of the endometrial tissue that lines the uterus into the muscles of the uterus.

Symptoms :

1. Dysmenorrhea
2. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
3. Pain during sex
4. Tenderness in the abdominal area

Diagnosis :

1. Ultrasonography
2. MRI

Treatments :

1. Anti Inflammatory
2. Hormonal Treatment
3. Hormonal Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (LNG-IUS)